Professor HAN Wei's clinical experience of acupuncture and moxibustion with Tongyang Xingshen for adolescent depressive disorder / 中国针灸

Professor HAN Wei 's clinical experience of acupuncture and moxibustion with Tongyang Xingshen (promoting yang and regaining consciousness) for adolescent depressive disorder is introduced. It is believed that the internal causes of adolescent depressive disorder are mostly emotional and physical factors, while the external causes are mainly social factors, and yang-qi stagnation and emotional disorder are the key pathogenesis. The key of acupuncture and moxibustion with Tongyang Xingshen is warming and regulating the governor vessel. The governor vessel acupoints at head, neck and back are selected. At head, Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (GV 24+) are selected; at neck, Fengfu (GV 16) and Dazhui (GV 14) are selected; at back, Taodao (GV 13), Shenzhu (GV 12), Shendao (GV 11), Zhiyang (GV 9) and Jinsuo (GV 8) are selected. The combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation should be highly valued, and the moxibustion with Tongyang and acupuncture with Xingshen should be used simultaneously, and the strong stimulation is suggested.

Discussion on Formation and Intervention of the Tumor Microenvironment Based on the Theory of “Where There is Mass Hardness， There must be Latent Yang” / 中医杂志

As the environmental foundation for tumor survival，the tumor microenvironment is characterized by immunosuppression， ischemia and hypoxia， metabolic reprogramming， and inflammatory infiltration， providing conditions for tumor cell colonization， malignant transformation and migration. In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， yang qi is considered to be closely related to the onset of tumors. Based on the TCM theory of “where there is mass hardness， there must be latent yang”， this paper suggests that the state of “latent yang” formed by abnormal yang energy is highly similar to the tumor microenvironment. The loss of protection of latent yang leads to the weakening of positive immunity， invasion of disease and then accumulation of tumors. The constraint of latent yang leads to microcirculation disorders， blocked vessels and collaterals， and finally qi and blood blockage. The turbidity of latent yang leads to abnormal metabolic products gathering， pathogenic turbidity accumulation， and tumor formulation through contention and binding between them. The transformation of fire by latent yang mediates “inflammation-cancer” transformation， and leads to malignant transformation of cancerous tumors. The transformation of latent yang into toxin leads to premeditated pre-metastatic niches， healthy qi deficiency and toxin accumulation， and cancerous toxins flow. Based on the theory of “latent yang” and modern researches， this paper summarized the method of “warming yang and invigorating qi to consolidate the root， promoting yang and moving qi to eliminate stasis， strengthening yang capacity of transforming qi to remove the disadvantages， diffusing yang and opening up constraint to disperse fire， and reinforcing healthy qi and clearing the source to prevent toxins” in the intervention of the tumor microenvironment， so as to provide ideas for TCM to reshape the tumor microenvironment and regulate the tumor process.

Discussion on the Four-Season Pathogenesis and Treatment of Insomnia Based on the “Circular Movement of Yang Qi Ascending and Descending” / 中医杂志

In the perspective of the theory of “circular movement of yang qi ascending and descending”， the author explores the four-season pathogenesis and treatment of insomnia based on the seasonal changes of the body's yin-yang balance. It is believed that the core pathogenesis of insomnia lies in the spleen and stomach deficiency and the internal buildup of dampness. The four-season pathogenesis of insomnia focuses can be categorized into four aspects： abnormal ascending of yang qi in the spring， leading to the liver fire inflammation or the liver qi stagnation； Predominance of yang qi in the upper side of the heart and gallbladder fire in the summer； Lung disorder and abnormal descent of yang qi， resulting in yang-heat conversion into dryness or disharmony between nutrient qi and defensive qi； Abnormal hiding of yang qi， manifesting as floating yang or deficiency in both yin and yang in the winter. It is advocated to dynamically grasp the pathogenesis of insomnia in accordance with the changes in time. A treatment framework called “restoring ascending and descending of yang qi” is proposed， with the core focus on resolving dampness and strengthening the spleen， while also addressing the liver and strengthen the spleen， clearing and descending the heart and gallbladder， purifing and descending the lung qi， and suppressing hyperactive the yang and invigorating the kidneys in different seasons. This enrichment of the traditional Chinese medicine time medicine research in insomnia treatment， based on the characteristics of seasonal rhythmic time， aims to better serve clinical practice and provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of insomnia.

Origin，Changes and Analysis of Efficacy of Cimicifugae Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Cimicifugae Rhizoma originated from Shennong′s Classic of Materia Medica（《神农本草经》）. Before the Jin-Yuan period （1115-1368 AD）， the efficacy of Cimicifugae Rhizoma was clearing heat and removing toxin whether it was recorded in herbal works or medical formularies. Since ZHANG Yuan-su in the Jin-Yuan period， its efficacy has changed， and that of raising Yang Qi has begun to appear. LI Dong-yuan and WANG Hao-gu followed ZHANG Yuan-su's point of view， and did not realize the efficacy of clearing heat and removing toxin and regarded Cimicifugae Rhizoma as a representative medicine for raising Yang Qi. During the Ming and Qing dynasties， the efficacy of Cimicifugae Rhizoma was mainly divided into two categories： both clearing heat and removing toxin and raising Yang Qi， and raising Yang Qi only. In modern times， the efficacy realized by previous generations is criticized， and two views emerge. One is inheriting the two-way theory of both clearing heat and removing toxin and raising Yang Qi. The other is that Cimicifugae Rhizoma is purely the medicine for clearing heat and removing toxin and its efficacy of raising Yang Qi is firmly refuted， which conforms to that of Cimicifugae Rhizoma before the Jin-Yuan period， and is also supported by Japanese scholars. Chinese Pharmacopoeia （1985） concludes that Cimicifugae Rhizoma has three major functions： releasing exterior and promoting eruption， clearing heat and removing toxin， and raising Yang Qi， which represents the current mainstream understanding of Cimicifugae Rhizoma in the academic world. Some contemporary scholars， including clinical physicians， medical historians， and pharmacists， still object to the raising Yang Qi of Cimicifugae Rhizoma. This article systematically sorted out the origin and changes of the efficacy of Cimicifugae Rhizoma， and analyzed the reasons for the changes. Combining philosophical thinking and modern pharmacology research， the authors also believe that Cimicifugae Rhizoma can not raise Yang Qi .

Brief analysis of the relationship between " of foot- stomach-meridian syndrome and stomach / 中国针灸

"" is a word describing the syndrome of cold sensation, which is one of the foot- stomach-meridian syndromes. The lesions of stomach and meridian could cause changes of and superficial symptoms of the interior syndrome, leading to "". In this study, the specific manifestation of the "" is analyzed from the aspect of word meaning, and the relationship between the "" and stomach is further discussed through the perspectives of and the exterior-interior relationship. In addition, combined with typical clinical case, it is suggested that attention should be paid on the relationship between exterior and interior syndromes, and the clinical application of and method (activating and promoting circulation of organs) should be strengthened, which could expand the new thinking of clinical treatments for viscera diseases through acupuncture and moxibustion.

Effect Research Antiventricular Remodeling of Qili Qiangxin Capsules in Treating Dilated Cardiomyopathy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the effect of Qili Qiangxin capsules on cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Yang Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Method:One hundred and seven patients were randomly divided into control group (53 cases) and observation group (54 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablet, 47.5 mg/time, 1 time/day, sacubitril valsartan sodium tablets, 50 mg/time, 1 time/day, hydrochlorothiazide tablets, 20 mg/time, 1 time/day, and spironolactone tablets, 20 mg/time, 1 time/day. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given Qili Qiangxin capsules, 4 granules/time, 3 times/days. A course of treatment was 6 months. Before and after treatment, levels of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular myocardial mass (LVM) and left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) were recorded by echocardiography. The classification of cardiac function was recorded by New York College of Cardiology (NYHA). Lee's heart failure and Yang Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were scored. And levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), soluble ST2 (sST2), galectin-3 (galectin-3), angiotensin-Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1), type I procollagen carboxy-terminal peptide (PIP) and type I collagen carboxy-terminal cross-linking peptide (CITP) were detected. Result:After treatment, levels of LVEDd, LVESD, IVST, LVPWT, LVM and LVMI were lower than those in control group (PPZ=2.031, PPPConclusion:In addition to the routine western medicine, Qili Qiangxin capsules can relieve clinical symptoms, degree of heart failure of DCM patients and ventricular remodeling, ameliorate heart function, regulate levels of sST2, galectin-3, MMPs and Ang-Ⅱ, inhibit myocardial fibrosis, and delay heart failure.

Professor GUO Lizhong's Experience of Treating Depression with Strengthening Yang-Qi / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]Summarize the Professor GUO Lizhong's experience of treating depression with strengthening Yang-Qi, providing a new perspective for the treatment of depression. [ Methods]Through observing and recording the clinical work with Professor GUO, organizing medical records, prescriptions and collecting lecture materials, theses and writings, analyzing its dialectical ideas, prescription and medication; by retriving ancient TCM books and analyzing famous TCM doctors' academic thoughts, to summarize Professor GUO's point of treating depression academic ideas and prescription drugs by strengthening Yang-Qi. That choosing Sini soup combined with Guipi soup and Tianjing soup receives good effect. [Results]Professor GUO Lizhong's thought mainly originates from classical works, such as "Internal Classics", who thinks that Yang-Qi deficiency is the root cause of depression, the essence and blood deficiency are the key links, frivolous virtual fire is its incentive, treatment of wanning or diving Yang-Qi is the first, then support essence and Yang-Qi. Two cases of depression returned to normal work and life after treatment of warning and diving Yang-Qi and supporting essence and Yang-Qi. [ Conclusion ]lt's unique of Professor GUO's experience in the treatment of depression, it is worthy of further study and experience of the dialectical ideas and election of prescription clinical value. To take GUO's experience for treating depression from the "Yang weakness, essence and blood deficiency, Yin fire up", and apply his rule can markedly relieve depression patients' clinical symptoms and obviously improve patients' life quality.

Discussion on Treatment of Fire and Heat Disease by LIU Wansu Based on ‘Depression of Yang Qi’ Theory / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore LIU Wansu's methods in treating fire and heat disease from depression of yang qi.[Methods]To analyse LIU Wansu's understanding of fire and heat disease and highlight its treatment from depression of yang qi through reading his works like Exploration to Pathogenesis in Plain Questions,Yellow Emperor's Plain Questions on Xuanminglun Formulae and so on.[Results]LIU Wansu had profound medical knowledge,rich clinical experience and initiative spirit.Under the guidance of nineteen items of pathogenesis from Huangdi's Canon of Medicine,he expanded fire and heat disease and put up six exogenous pathogenic factors can transfer to fire theory.To be specific,excessive wind,cold,dampness and dryness would block Xuan Fu and depress yang qi,causing fire and heat disease.He regardeddepression of yang qi as a key link in six exogenous pathogenic factors' transferring to fire and put up cooling combined with ventilating method to dissipate depressed yang qi,including relieving exterior syndrome with pungent-cool drugs,clearing depressed heat,relieving exterior and interior syndrome,eliminating dampness and relieving depression as well as combination of cold and warm drugs.[Conclusion]LIU Wansu treated fire and heat disease from depression of yang qi,providing new methods in treating fire and heat disease for later generations as well as guiding significance in current clinical work.

's exploration and experience in the pathogenesis and treatment of motor impairment of the trunk after stroke / 中国针灸

In the paper, it is introduced professor's recognition on the pathogenesis and professor's experience in the treatment of the motor impairment of the trunk after stroke. Professorbelieves that the motor impairment of the trunk after stroke is the essential factor affecting the rehabilitation in stroke. The motor impairment of the trunk after stroke results from brain marrow damage and spiritual impairment. Hence, regaining the consciousness and promoting the circulation of the governor vessel are the basic principles of the treatment, named regulating the mind and controlling, benefitingand warming, tonifying the kidney and filling up the essence, and promoting the circulation of the governor vessel. Those four therapeutic methods are equally important. Acupuncture, moxibusiton and herbal medicine are applied in combination in the treatment. Additionally, the psychotherapy and rehabilitation are the accessory therapies.

On Thought Orientation of TCM Emphasizing Time and Yang Qi from Yin Yang Spatial-temporal Evolution / 浙江中医药大学学报

Why TCM thought orientation pays attention to time and Yang Qi is concerned with Yin Yang spatial-temporal evolution rules. The sky and the earth are the macrocosmos, the human body is the smal little world; the man shal be an integral part of the nature. No matter to recognize the uni-verse or the human body life, it is expressed with Yin Yang space-time. Yin Yang is on Dao. The space-time is on universal things;the Yin Yang Dao is the basic tool to recognize universal space-time; the universe and the human body life are the invisible and visible concordant things evoluted from Yin Yang space-time; paying attention to Yang Qi and time is the important part of TCM original creative thought, which is broadly used in TCM, and it can ful y grasp human body life rule, emphasizing entity and system, can dynamical y and actively grasp life law. Insisting on and emphasizing Yang Qi and space-time is helpful to TCM inheritance and development.

Professor Zhang Peiying's Experience in Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] This paper sums up professor Zhang Peiying's scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating coronary heart dis-ease. [Methods] From the aspects of the pathological mechanism, and treatment based on syndrome differentiation of coronary heart disease, and the exam-ple of medical record, elaborate that the pathological mechanism is the deficiency of cardiac Yang.Yang deficiency may cause the devitalized chest Yang, which may enable the external pathogenic cold to invade the body.The retention of cold and the stagnation of Qi and blood wil hinder the chest Yang and the circulation of blood in the chest vessels,causing the occurrence of the disease.[Results] The pathological mechanism of coronary heart disease is the deficiency of cardiac Yang and excess of pathogenic factor .Its root belongs to deficiency while its branch belongs to excess. On this base, professor forms Zhang Peiying's treatment principle focusing on relieving both the secondary and primary symptoms, such as replenishing Yang-Qi,and warming up the heart yang and dispel ing cold ,removing blood stasis.Taking an example for the therapy to prove it.[Conclusions]Professor Zhang Peiying's scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating coronary heart disease is effective and is trusted and welcomed by patients. His thought and clinical expe-rience are worth to extend and apply.

Clinical study on treatment of rheumatoid arthritis of cold dampness obstruction and kidney yang qi deficiency with Juanbi granulae / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Juanbi granulae on rheumatoid arthritis belonging to cold dampness obstruction and kidney yang qi deficiency syndrome.Methods All 120 RA patients in accordance with the inclusion criteria were divided into a 80 cases of study group,and a 40 cases of control group,by random table method.Methotrexate,10mg once a week,was given orally,as a basis for treatment.The treatment group given Juanbi granulae,15g for each time,3 times a day; while the control group was Zhenqingfengtongning sustained-release tablets,60mg for each time,twice daily.Both groups have adopted a one-month course of treatment.Statistics effect was evaluated after 4-week course of treatment.Results ①There was significant difference between the two group in terms of therapeutic effects and symptom effects after the treatment (the total effective rate of study group and control group was 100.0％,86.7％,U value was-4.071,-3.232 respectively,P＜0.05).② The treatment effects and the symptom effect of the cold dampness syndrome and the kidney yang qi deficiency syndrome in the same group showed statistical difference after the treatment (the total effective rate of study group and control group was 88.0％,80.0％,The U value of treatment effect was-5.50,-3.67 respectively,P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).(U value of syndrome effect was-2.909,-3.992 respectively,P＜0.05).③ Study group of after treatment ESR (17.05±7.15) mm/h,RF (32.46± 14.22) U/L,compared with the control group of after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Juanbi granulae was effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis of both kidney yang qi deficiency syndrome and cold dampness obstruction syndrome,the effects were especially better for cold dampness obstruction syndrome.

Discussing on Yang Qi Theory in"Plain Questions" / 国际中医中药杂志

Objeetlve To discuss the significance of Yang Qi theory in"Theory of Qi Production and Its Utmost Ability-Plain Questions".Methods Inspecting and reviewing literatures combined with cfimcai practice to explore Yang Qi Qi in keeping vital movemem and balancing ying and yang was discussed.Condusion The Yang Qi theory in"Nei Jing"had far-reaching impacts on the founding and development of TCM warm-reinforcing schools,and it also effectively guides clinical practice.